Minor tweak to update script
[zfs.git] / zfs / lib / libzpool / dsl_dataset.c
index 88a280d..93ea8aa 100644 (file)
@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@
  * Use is subject to license terms.
  */
 
-#pragma ident  "@(#)dsl_dataset.c      1.42    08/04/28 SMI"
-
 #include <sys/dmu_objset.h>
 #include <sys/dsl_dataset.h>
 #include <sys/dsl_dir.h>
 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
 #include <sys/zfs_ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/spa.h>
+#include <sys/zfs_znode.h>
 #include <sys/sunddi.h>
 
+static char *dsl_reaper = "the grim reaper";
+
 static dsl_checkfunc_t dsl_dataset_destroy_begin_check;
 static dsl_syncfunc_t dsl_dataset_destroy_begin_sync;
 static dsl_checkfunc_t dsl_dataset_rollback_check;
@@ -51,22 +52,8 @@ static dsl_syncfunc_t dsl_dataset_set_reservation_sync;
 
 #define        DSL_DEADLIST_BLOCKSIZE  SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE
 
-/*
- * We use weighted reference counts to express the various forms of exclusion
- * between different open modes.  A STANDARD open is 1 point, an EXCLUSIVE open
- * is DS_REF_MAX, and a PRIMARY open is little more than half of an EXCLUSIVE.
- * This makes the exclusion logic simple: the total refcnt for all opens cannot
- * exceed DS_REF_MAX.  For example, EXCLUSIVE opens are exclusive because their
- * weight (DS_REF_MAX) consumes the entire refcnt space.  PRIMARY opens consume
- * just over half of the refcnt space, so there can't be more than one, but it
- * can peacefully coexist with any number of STANDARD opens.
- */
-static uint64_t ds_refcnt_weight[DS_MODE_LEVELS] = {
-       0,                      /* DS_MODE_NONE - invalid               */
-       1,                      /* DS_MODE_STANDARD - unlimited number  */
-       (DS_REF_MAX >> 1) + 1,  /* DS_MODE_PRIMARY - only one of these  */
-       DS_REF_MAX              /* DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE - no other opens   */
-};
+#define        DSL_DATASET_IS_DESTROYED(ds)    ((ds)->ds_owner == dsl_reaper)
+
 
 /*
  * Figure out how much of this delta should be propogated to the dsl_dir
@@ -110,12 +97,13 @@ dsl_dataset_block_born(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                 * dsl_dir.
                 */
                ASSERT3U(compressed, ==, uncompressed); /* it's all metadata */
-               dsl_dir_diduse_space(tx->tx_pool->dp_mos_dir,
+               dsl_dir_diduse_space(tx->tx_pool->dp_mos_dir, DD_USED_HEAD,
                    used, compressed, uncompressed, tx);
                dsl_dir_dirty(tx->tx_pool->dp_mos_dir, tx);
                return;
        }
        dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
+       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_dir->dd_lock);
        mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
        delta = parent_delta(ds, used);
        ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes += used;
@@ -123,10 +111,14 @@ dsl_dataset_block_born(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes += uncompressed;
        ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes += used;
        mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
-       dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, delta, compressed, uncompressed, tx);
+       dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, DD_USED_HEAD, delta,
+           compressed, uncompressed, tx);
+       dsl_dir_transfer_space(ds->ds_dir, used - delta,
+           DD_USED_REFRSRV, DD_USED_HEAD, tx);
+       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_dir->dd_lock);
 }
 
-void
+int
 dsl_dataset_block_kill(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, zio_t *pio,
     dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
@@ -134,10 +126,11 @@ dsl_dataset_block_kill(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, zio_t *pio,
        int compressed = BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
        int uncompressed = BP_GET_UCSIZE(bp);
 
+       ASSERT(pio != NULL);
        ASSERT(dmu_tx_is_syncing(tx));
        /* No block pointer => nothing to free */
        if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp))
-               return;
+               return (0);
 
        ASSERT(used > 0);
        if (ds == NULL) {
@@ -146,17 +139,18 @@ dsl_dataset_block_kill(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, zio_t *pio,
                 * Account for the meta-objset space in its placeholder
                 * dataset.
                 */
-               err = arc_free(pio, tx->tx_pool->dp_spa,
-                   tx->tx_txg, bp, NULL, NULL, pio ? ARC_NOWAIT: ARC_WAIT);
+               err = dsl_free(pio, tx->tx_pool,
+                   tx->tx_txg, bp, NULL, NULL, ARC_NOWAIT);
                ASSERT(err == 0);
 
-               dsl_dir_diduse_space(tx->tx_pool->dp_mos_dir,
+               dsl_dir_diduse_space(tx->tx_pool->dp_mos_dir, DD_USED_HEAD,
                    -used, -compressed, -uncompressed, tx);
                dsl_dir_dirty(tx->tx_pool->dp_mos_dir, tx);
-               return;
+               return (used);
        }
        ASSERT3P(tx->tx_pool, ==, ds->ds_dir->dd_pool);
 
+       ASSERT(!dsl_dataset_is_snapshot(ds));
        dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
 
        if (bp->blk_birth > ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg) {
@@ -164,18 +158,22 @@ dsl_dataset_block_kill(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, zio_t *pio,
                int64_t delta;
 
                dprintf_bp(bp, "freeing: %s", "");
-               err = arc_free(pio, tx->tx_pool->dp_spa,
-                   tx->tx_txg, bp, NULL, NULL, pio ? ARC_NOWAIT: ARC_WAIT);
+               err = dsl_free(pio, tx->tx_pool,
+                   tx->tx_txg, bp, NULL, NULL, ARC_NOWAIT);
                ASSERT(err == 0);
 
+               mutex_enter(&ds->ds_dir->dd_lock);
                mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
                ASSERT(ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes >= used ||
                    !DS_UNIQUE_IS_ACCURATE(ds));
                delta = parent_delta(ds, -used);
                ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes -= used;
                mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
-               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir,
+               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, DD_USED_HEAD,
                    delta, -compressed, -uncompressed, tx);
+               dsl_dir_transfer_space(ds->ds_dir, -used - delta,
+                   DD_USED_REFRSRV, DD_USED_HEAD, tx);
+               mutex_exit(&ds->ds_dir->dd_lock);
        } else {
                dprintf_bp(bp, "putting on dead list: %s", "");
                VERIFY(0 == bplist_enqueue(&ds->ds_deadlist, bp, tx));
@@ -191,6 +189,10 @@ dsl_dataset_block_kill(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, zio_t *pio,
                        ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes += used;
                        mutex_exit(&ds->ds_prev->ds_lock);
                }
+               if (bp->blk_birth > ds->ds_origin_txg) {
+                       dsl_dir_transfer_space(ds->ds_dir, used,
+                           DD_USED_HEAD, DD_USED_SNAP, tx);
+               }
        }
        mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
        ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes, >=, used);
@@ -200,6 +202,8 @@ dsl_dataset_block_kill(dsl_dataset_t *ds, blkptr_t *bp, zio_t *pio,
        ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes, >=, uncompressed);
        ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes -= uncompressed;
        mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
+
+       return (used);
 }
 
 uint64_t
@@ -237,9 +241,7 @@ dsl_dataset_evict(dmu_buf_t *db, void *dsv)
 {
        dsl_dataset_t *ds = dsv;
 
-       /* open_refcount == DS_REF_MAX when deleting */
-       ASSERT(ds->ds_open_refcount == 0 ||
-           ds->ds_open_refcount == DS_REF_MAX);
+       ASSERT(ds->ds_owner == NULL || DSL_DATASET_IS_DESTROYED(ds));
 
        dprintf_ds(ds, "evicting %s\n", "");
 
@@ -249,18 +251,21 @@ dsl_dataset_evict(dmu_buf_t *db, void *dsv)
                ds->ds_user_evict_func(ds, ds->ds_user_ptr);
 
        if (ds->ds_prev) {
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds->ds_prev, DS_MODE_NONE, ds);
+               dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ds->ds_prev, ds);
                ds->ds_prev = NULL;
        }
 
        bplist_close(&ds->ds_deadlist);
-       dsl_dir_close(ds->ds_dir, ds);
+       if (ds->ds_dir)
+               dsl_dir_close(ds->ds_dir, ds);
 
        ASSERT(!list_link_active(&ds->ds_synced_link));
 
        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_lock);
        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_opening_lock);
        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_deadlist.bpl_lock);
+       rw_destroy(&ds->ds_rwlock);
+       cv_destroy(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv);
 
        kmem_free(ds, sizeof (dsl_dataset_t));
 }
@@ -291,47 +296,48 @@ dsl_dataset_get_snapname(dsl_dataset_t *ds)
 }
 
 static int
-dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(objset_t *os, uint64_t flags,
-    uint64_t snapnames_zapobj, const char *name, uint64_t *value)
+dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(dsl_dataset_t *ds, const char *name, uint64_t *value)
 {
+       objset_t *mos = ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset;
+       uint64_t snapobj = ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj;
        matchtype_t mt;
        int err;
 
-       if (flags & DS_FLAG_CI_DATASET)
+       if (ds->ds_phys->ds_flags & DS_FLAG_CI_DATASET)
                mt = MT_FIRST;
        else
                mt = MT_EXACT;
 
-       err = zap_lookup_norm(os, snapnames_zapobj, name, 8, 1,
+       err = zap_lookup_norm(mos, snapobj, name, 8, 1,
            value, mt, NULL, 0, NULL);
        if (err == ENOTSUP && mt == MT_FIRST)
-               err = zap_lookup(os, snapnames_zapobj, name, 8, 1, value);
+               err = zap_lookup(mos, snapobj, name, 8, 1, value);
        return (err);
 }
 
 static int
-dsl_dataset_snap_remove(objset_t *os, uint64_t flags,
-    uint64_t snapnames_zapobj, char *name, dmu_tx_t *tx)
+dsl_dataset_snap_remove(dsl_dataset_t *ds, char *name, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
+       objset_t *mos = ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset;
+       uint64_t snapobj = ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj;
        matchtype_t mt;
        int err;
 
-       if (flags & DS_FLAG_CI_DATASET)
+       if (ds->ds_phys->ds_flags & DS_FLAG_CI_DATASET)
                mt = MT_FIRST;
        else
                mt = MT_EXACT;
 
-       err = zap_remove_norm(os, snapnames_zapobj, name, mt, tx);
+       err = zap_remove_norm(mos, snapobj, name, mt, tx);
        if (err == ENOTSUP && mt == MT_FIRST)
-               err = zap_remove(os, snapnames_zapobj, name, tx);
+               err = zap_remove(mos, snapobj, name, tx);
        return (err);
 }
 
-int
-dsl_dataset_open_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, const char *snapname,
-    int mode, void *tag, dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
+static int
+dsl_dataset_get_ref(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, void *tag,
+    dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
 {
-       uint64_t weight = ds_refcnt_weight[DS_MODE_LEVEL(mode)];
        objset_t *mos = dp->dp_meta_objset;
        dmu_buf_t *dbuf;
        dsl_dataset_t *ds;
@@ -356,6 +362,8 @@ dsl_dataset_open_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, const char *snapname,
                mutex_init(&ds->ds_opening_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
                mutex_init(&ds->ds_deadlist.bpl_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT,
                    NULL);
+               rw_init(&ds->ds_rwlock, 0, 0, 0);
+               cv_init(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv, NULL, CV_DEFAULT, NULL);
 
                err = bplist_open(&ds->ds_deadlist,
                    mos, ds->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj);
@@ -371,46 +379,38 @@ dsl_dataset_open_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, const char *snapname,
                        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_lock);
                        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_opening_lock);
                        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_deadlist.bpl_lock);
+                       rw_destroy(&ds->ds_rwlock);
+                       cv_destroy(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv);
                        kmem_free(ds, sizeof (dsl_dataset_t));
                        dmu_buf_rele(dbuf, tag);
                        return (err);
                }
 
-               if (ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj == dsobj) {
+               if (!dsl_dataset_is_snapshot(ds)) {
                        ds->ds_snapname[0] = '\0';
                        if (ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj) {
-                               err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-                                   ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, NULL,
-                                   DS_MODE_NONE, ds, &ds->ds_prev);
+                               err = dsl_dataset_get_ref(dp,
+                                   ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj,
+                                   ds, &ds->ds_prev);
                        }
-               } else {
-                       if (snapname) {
-#ifdef ZFS_DEBUG
-                               dsl_dataset_phys_t *headphys;
-                               dmu_buf_t *headdbuf;
-                               err = dmu_bonus_hold(mos,
-                                   ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj,
-                                   FTAG, &headdbuf);
+
+                       if (err == 0 && dsl_dir_is_clone(ds->ds_dir)) {
+                               dsl_dataset_t *origin;
+
+                               err = dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp,
+                                   ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj,
+                                   FTAG, &origin);
                                if (err == 0) {
-                                       uint64_t foundobj;
-
-                                       headphys = headdbuf->db_data;
-                                       err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(
-                                           dp->dp_meta_objset,
-                                           headphys->ds_flags,
-                                           headphys->ds_snapnames_zapobj,
-                                           snapname, &foundobj);
-                                       ASSERT3U(foundobj, ==, dsobj);
-                                       dmu_buf_rele(headdbuf, FTAG);
+                                       ds->ds_origin_txg =
+                                           origin->ds_phys->ds_creation_txg;
+                                       dsl_dataset_rele(origin, FTAG);
                                }
-#endif
-                               (void) strcat(ds->ds_snapname, snapname);
-                       } else if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_SNAPNAMES) {
-                               err = dsl_dataset_get_snapname(ds);
                        }
+               } else if (zfs_flags & ZFS_DEBUG_SNAPNAMES) {
+                       err = dsl_dataset_get_snapname(ds);
                }
 
-               if (!dsl_dataset_is_snapshot(ds)) {
+               if (err == 0 && !dsl_dataset_is_snapshot(ds)) {
                        /*
                         * In sync context, we're called with either no lock
                         * or with the write lock.  If we're not syncing,
@@ -423,11 +423,11 @@ dsl_dataset_open_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, const char *snapname,
                        if (need_lock)
                                rw_enter(&dp->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
 
-                       err = dsl_prop_get_ds_locked(ds->ds_dir,
+                       err = dsl_prop_get_ds(ds,
                            "refreservation", sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
                            &ds->ds_reserved, NULL);
                        if (err == 0) {
-                               err = dsl_prop_get_ds_locked(ds->ds_dir,
+                               err = dsl_prop_get_ds(ds,
                                    "refquota", sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
                                    &ds->ds_quota, NULL);
                        }
@@ -444,14 +444,14 @@ dsl_dataset_open_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, const char *snapname,
                }
                if (err || winner) {
                        bplist_close(&ds->ds_deadlist);
-                       if (ds->ds_prev) {
-                               dsl_dataset_close(ds->ds_prev,
-                                   DS_MODE_NONE, ds);
-                       }
+                       if (ds->ds_prev)
+                               dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ds->ds_prev, ds);
                        dsl_dir_close(ds->ds_dir, ds);
                        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_lock);
                        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_opening_lock);
                        mutex_destroy(&ds->ds_deadlist.bpl_lock);
+                       rw_destroy(&ds->ds_rwlock);
+                       cv_destroy(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv);
                        kmem_free(ds, sizeof (dsl_dataset_t));
                        if (err) {
                                dmu_buf_rele(dbuf, tag);
@@ -465,93 +465,169 @@ dsl_dataset_open_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, const char *snapname,
        }
        ASSERT3P(ds->ds_dbuf, ==, dbuf);
        ASSERT3P(ds->ds_phys, ==, dbuf->db_data);
-
+       ASSERT(ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj != 0 ||
+           spa_version(dp->dp_spa) < SPA_VERSION_ORIGIN ||
+           dp->dp_origin_snap == NULL || ds == dp->dp_origin_snap);
        mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
-       if ((DS_MODE_LEVEL(mode) == DS_MODE_PRIMARY &&
-           (ds->ds_phys->ds_flags & DS_FLAG_INCONSISTENT) &&
-           !DS_MODE_IS_INCONSISTENT(mode)) ||
-           (ds->ds_open_refcount + weight > DS_REF_MAX)) {
+       if (!dsl_pool_sync_context(dp) && DSL_DATASET_IS_DESTROYED(ds)) {
                mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_NONE, tag);
-               return (EBUSY);
+               dmu_buf_rele(ds->ds_dbuf, tag);
+               return (ENOENT);
        }
-       ds->ds_open_refcount += weight;
        mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
-
        *dsp = ds;
        return (0);
 }
 
+static int
+dsl_dataset_hold_ref(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
+{
+       dsl_pool_t *dp = ds->ds_dir->dd_pool;
+
+       /*
+        * In syncing context we don't want the rwlock lock: there
+        * may be an existing writer waiting for sync phase to
+        * finish.  We don't need to worry about such writers, since
+        * sync phase is single-threaded, so the writer can't be
+        * doing anything while we are active.
+        */
+       if (dsl_pool_sync_context(dp)) {
+               ASSERT(!DSL_DATASET_IS_DESTROYED(ds));
+               return (0);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Normal users will hold the ds_rwlock as a READER until they
+        * are finished (i.e., call dsl_dataset_rele()).  "Owners" will
+        * drop their READER lock after they set the ds_owner field.
+        *
+        * If the dataset is being destroyed, the destroy thread will
+        * obtain a WRITER lock for exclusive access after it's done its
+        * open-context work and then change the ds_owner to
+        * dsl_reaper once destruction is assured.  So threads
+        * may block here temporarily, until the "destructability" of
+        * the dataset is determined.
+        */
+       ASSERT(!RW_WRITE_HELD(&dp->dp_config_rwlock));
+       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
+       while (!rw_tryenter(&ds->ds_rwlock, RW_READER)) {
+               rw_exit(&dp->dp_config_rwlock);
+               cv_wait(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv, &ds->ds_lock);
+               if (DSL_DATASET_IS_DESTROYED(ds)) {
+                       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
+                       dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ds, tag);
+                       rw_enter(&dp->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
+                       return (ENOENT);
+               }
+               rw_enter(&dp->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
+       }
+       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
+       return (0);
+}
+
 int
-dsl_dataset_open_spa(spa_t *spa, const char *name, int mode,
-    void *tag, dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
+dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, void *tag,
+    dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
+{
+       int err = dsl_dataset_get_ref(dp, dsobj, tag, dsp);
+
+       if (err)
+               return (err);
+       return (dsl_dataset_hold_ref(*dsp, tag));
+}
+
+int
+dsl_dataset_own_obj(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t dsobj, int flags, void *owner,
+    dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
+{
+       int err = dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp, dsobj, owner, dsp);
+
+       ASSERT(DS_MODE_TYPE(flags) != DS_MODE_USER);
+
+       if (err)
+               return (err);
+       if (!dsl_dataset_tryown(*dsp, DS_MODE_IS_INCONSISTENT(flags), owner)) {
+               dsl_dataset_rele(*dsp, owner);
+               return (EBUSY);
+       }
+       return (0);
+}
+
+int
+dsl_dataset_hold(const char *name, void *tag, dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
 {
        dsl_dir_t *dd;
        dsl_pool_t *dp;
-       const char *tail;
+       const char *snapname;
        uint64_t obj;
-       dsl_dataset_t *ds = NULL;
        int err = 0;
 
-       err = dsl_dir_open_spa(spa, name, FTAG, &dd, &tail);
+       err = dsl_dir_open_spa(NULL, name, FTAG, &dd, &snapname);
        if (err)
                return (err);
 
        dp = dd->dd_pool;
        obj = dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj;
        rw_enter(&dp->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
-       if (obj == 0) {
-               /* A dataset with no associated objset */
+       if (obj)
+               err = dsl_dataset_get_ref(dp, obj, tag, dsp);
+       else
                err = ENOENT;
+       if (err)
                goto out;
-       }
 
-       if (tail != NULL) {
-               objset_t *mos = dp->dp_meta_objset;
-               uint64_t flags;
+       err = dsl_dataset_hold_ref(*dsp, tag);
 
-               err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp, obj, NULL,
-                   DS_MODE_NONE, tag, &ds);
-               if (err)
-                       goto out;
-               flags = ds->ds_phys->ds_flags;
-               obj = ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj;
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_NONE, tag);
-               ds = NULL;
+       /* we may be looking for a snapshot */
+       if (err == 0 && snapname != NULL) {
+               dsl_dataset_t *ds = NULL;
 
-               if (tail[0] != '@') {
+               if (*snapname++ != '@') {
+                       dsl_dataset_rele(*dsp, tag);
                        err = ENOENT;
                        goto out;
                }
-               tail++;
 
-               /* Look for a snapshot */
-               if (!DS_MODE_IS_READONLY(mode)) {
-                       err = EROFS;
-                       goto out;
+               dprintf("looking for snapshot '%s'\n", snapname);
+               err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(*dsp, snapname, &obj);
+               if (err == 0)
+                       err = dsl_dataset_get_ref(dp, obj, tag, &ds);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(*dsp, tag);
+
+               ASSERT3U((err == 0), ==, (ds != NULL));
+
+               if (ds) {
+                       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
+                       if (ds->ds_snapname[0] == 0)
+                               (void) strlcpy(ds->ds_snapname, snapname,
+                                   sizeof (ds->ds_snapname));
+                       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
+                       err = dsl_dataset_hold_ref(ds, tag);
+                       *dsp = err ? NULL : ds;
                }
-               dprintf("looking for snapshot '%s'\n", tail);
-               err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(mos, flags, obj, tail, &obj);
-               if (err)
-                       goto out;
        }
-       err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp, obj, tail, mode, tag, &ds);
-
 out:
        rw_exit(&dp->dp_config_rwlock);
        dsl_dir_close(dd, FTAG);
-
-       ASSERT3U((err == 0), ==, (ds != NULL));
-       /* ASSERT(ds == NULL || strcmp(name, ds->ds_name) == 0); */
-
-       *dsp = ds;
        return (err);
 }
 
 int
-dsl_dataset_open(const char *name, int mode, void *tag, dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
+dsl_dataset_own(const char *name, int flags, void *owner, dsl_dataset_t **dsp)
 {
-       return (dsl_dataset_open_spa(NULL, name, mode, tag, dsp));
+       int err = dsl_dataset_hold(name, owner, dsp);
+       if (err)
+               return (err);
+       if ((*dsp)->ds_phys->ds_num_children > 0 &&
+           !DS_MODE_IS_READONLY(flags)) {
+               dsl_dataset_rele(*dsp, owner);
+               return (EROFS);
+       }
+       if (!dsl_dataset_tryown(*dsp, DS_MODE_IS_INCONSISTENT(flags), owner)) {
+               dsl_dataset_rele(*dsp, owner);
+               return (EBUSY);
+       }
+       return (0);
 }
 
 void
@@ -564,11 +640,11 @@ dsl_dataset_name(dsl_dataset_t *ds, char *name)
                VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_snapname(ds));
                if (ds->ds_snapname[0]) {
                        (void) strcat(name, "@");
+                       /*
+                        * We use a "recursive" mutex so that we
+                        * can call dprintf_ds() with ds_lock held.
+                        */
                        if (!MUTEX_HELD(&ds->ds_lock)) {
-                               /*
-                                * We use a "recursive" mutex so that we
-                                * can call dprintf_ds() with ds_lock held.
-                                */
                                mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
                                (void) strcat(name, ds->ds_snapname);
                                mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
@@ -592,7 +668,6 @@ dsl_dataset_namelen(dsl_dataset_t *ds)
                if (ds->ds_snapname[0]) {
                        ++result;       /* adding one for the @-sign */
                        if (!MUTEX_HELD(&ds->ds_lock)) {
-                               /* see dsl_datset_name */
                                mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
                                result += strlen(ds->ds_snapname);
                                mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
@@ -606,96 +681,66 @@ dsl_dataset_namelen(dsl_dataset_t *ds)
 }
 
 void
-dsl_dataset_close(dsl_dataset_t *ds, int mode, void *tag)
+dsl_dataset_drop_ref(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
 {
-       uint64_t weight = ds_refcnt_weight[DS_MODE_LEVEL(mode)];
-       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
-       ASSERT3U(ds->ds_open_refcount, >=, weight);
-       ds->ds_open_refcount -= weight;
-       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
-
        dmu_buf_rele(ds->ds_dbuf, tag);
 }
 
 void
-dsl_dataset_downgrade(dsl_dataset_t *ds, int oldmode, int newmode)
+dsl_dataset_rele(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
+{
+       if (!dsl_pool_sync_context(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool)) {
+               rw_exit(&ds->ds_rwlock);
+       }
+       dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ds, tag);
+}
+
+void
+dsl_dataset_disown(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *owner)
 {
-       uint64_t oldweight = ds_refcnt_weight[DS_MODE_LEVEL(oldmode)];
-       uint64_t newweight = ds_refcnt_weight[DS_MODE_LEVEL(newmode)];
+       ASSERT((ds->ds_owner == owner && ds->ds_dbuf) ||
+           (DSL_DATASET_IS_DESTROYED(ds) && ds->ds_dbuf == NULL));
+
        mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
-       ASSERT3U(ds->ds_open_refcount, >=, oldweight);
-       ASSERT3U(oldweight, >=, newweight);
-       ds->ds_open_refcount -= oldweight;
-       ds->ds_open_refcount += newweight;
+       ds->ds_owner = NULL;
+       if (RW_WRITE_HELD(&ds->ds_rwlock)) {
+               rw_exit(&ds->ds_rwlock);
+               cv_broadcast(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv);
+       }
        mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
+       if (ds->ds_dbuf)
+               dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ds, owner);
+       else
+               dsl_dataset_evict(ds->ds_dbuf, ds);
 }
 
 boolean_t
-dsl_dataset_tryupgrade(dsl_dataset_t *ds, int oldmode, int newmode)
+dsl_dataset_tryown(dsl_dataset_t *ds, boolean_t inconsistentok, void *owner)
 {
-       boolean_t rv;
-       uint64_t oldweight = ds_refcnt_weight[DS_MODE_LEVEL(oldmode)];
-       uint64_t newweight = ds_refcnt_weight[DS_MODE_LEVEL(newmode)];
+       boolean_t gotit = FALSE;
+
        mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
-       ASSERT3U(ds->ds_open_refcount, >=, oldweight);
-       ASSERT3U(newweight, >=, oldweight);
-       if (ds->ds_open_refcount - oldweight + newweight > DS_REF_MAX) {
-               rv = B_FALSE;
-       } else {
-               ds->ds_open_refcount -= oldweight;
-               ds->ds_open_refcount += newweight;
-               rv = B_TRUE;
+       if (ds->ds_owner == NULL &&
+           (!DS_IS_INCONSISTENT(ds) || inconsistentok)) {
+               ds->ds_owner = owner;
+               if (!dsl_pool_sync_context(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool))
+                       rw_exit(&ds->ds_rwlock);
+               gotit = TRUE;
        }
        mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
-       return (rv);
+       return (gotit);
 }
 
 void
-dsl_dataset_create_root(dsl_pool_t *dp, uint64_t *ddobjp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
+dsl_dataset_make_exclusive(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *owner)
 {
-       objset_t *mos = dp->dp_meta_objset;
-       dmu_buf_t *dbuf;
-       dsl_dataset_phys_t *dsphys;
-       dsl_dataset_t *ds;
-       uint64_t dsobj;
-       dsl_dir_t *dd;
-
-       dsl_dir_create_root(mos, ddobjp, tx);
-       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dir_open_obj(dp, *ddobjp, NULL, FTAG, &dd));
-
-       dsobj = dmu_object_alloc(mos, DMU_OT_DSL_DATASET, 0,
-           DMU_OT_DSL_DATASET, sizeof (dsl_dataset_phys_t), tx);
-       VERIFY(0 == dmu_bonus_hold(mos, dsobj, FTAG, &dbuf));
-       dmu_buf_will_dirty(dbuf, tx);
-       dsphys = dbuf->db_data;
-       dsphys->ds_dir_obj = dd->dd_object;
-       dsphys->ds_fsid_guid = unique_create();
-       (void) random_get_pseudo_bytes((void*)&dsphys->ds_guid,
-           sizeof (dsphys->ds_guid));
-       dsphys->ds_snapnames_zapobj =
-           zap_create_norm(mos, U8_TEXTPREP_TOUPPER, DMU_OT_DSL_DS_SNAP_MAP,
-           DMU_OT_NONE, 0, tx);
-       dsphys->ds_creation_time = gethrestime_sec();
-       dsphys->ds_creation_txg = tx->tx_txg;
-       dsphys->ds_deadlist_obj =
-           bplist_create(mos, DSL_DEADLIST_BLOCKSIZE, tx);
-       if (spa_version(dp->dp_spa) >= SPA_VERSION_UNIQUE_ACCURATE)
-               dsphys->ds_flags |= DS_FLAG_UNIQUE_ACCURATE;
-       dmu_buf_rele(dbuf, FTAG);
-
-       dmu_buf_will_dirty(dd->dd_dbuf, tx);
-       dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj = dsobj;
-       dsl_dir_close(dd, FTAG);
-
-       VERIFY(0 ==
-           dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp, dsobj, NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ds));
-       (void) dmu_objset_create_impl(dp->dp_spa, ds,
-           &ds->ds_phys->ds_bp, DMU_OST_ZFS, tx);
-       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+       ASSERT3P(owner, ==, ds->ds_owner);
+       if (!RW_WRITE_HELD(&ds->ds_rwlock))
+               rw_enter(&ds->ds_rwlock, RW_WRITER);
 }
 
 uint64_t
-dsl_dataset_create_sync_impl(dsl_dir_t *dd, dsl_dataset_t *origin,
+dsl_dataset_create_sync_dd(dsl_dir_t *dd, dsl_dataset_t *origin,
     uint64_t flags, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
        dsl_pool_t *dp = dd->dd_pool;
@@ -704,6 +749,9 @@ dsl_dataset_create_sync_impl(dsl_dir_t *dd, dsl_dataset_t *origin,
        uint64_t dsobj;
        objset_t *mos = dp->dp_meta_objset;
 
+       if (origin == NULL)
+               origin = dp->dp_origin_snap;
+
        ASSERT(origin == NULL || origin->ds_dir->dd_pool == dp);
        ASSERT(origin == NULL || origin->ds_phys->ds_num_children > 0);
        ASSERT(dmu_tx_is_syncing(tx));
@@ -714,6 +762,7 @@ dsl_dataset_create_sync_impl(dsl_dir_t *dd, dsl_dataset_t *origin,
        VERIFY(0 == dmu_bonus_hold(mos, dsobj, FTAG, &dbuf));
        dmu_buf_will_dirty(dbuf, tx);
        dsphys = dbuf->db_data;
+       bzero(dsphys, sizeof (dsl_dataset_phys_t));
        dsphys->ds_dir_obj = dd->dd_object;
        dsphys->ds_flags = flags;
        dsphys->ds_fsid_guid = unique_create();
@@ -723,7 +772,7 @@ dsl_dataset_create_sync_impl(dsl_dir_t *dd, dsl_dataset_t *origin,
            zap_create_norm(mos, U8_TEXTPREP_TOUPPER, DMU_OT_DSL_DS_SNAP_MAP,
            DMU_OT_NONE, 0, tx);
        dsphys->ds_creation_time = gethrestime_sec();
-       dsphys->ds_creation_txg = tx->tx_txg;
+       dsphys->ds_creation_txg = tx->tx_txg == TXG_INITIAL ? 1 : tx->tx_txg;
        dsphys->ds_deadlist_obj =
            bplist_create(mos, DSL_DEADLIST_BLOCKSIZE, tx);
 
@@ -743,6 +792,17 @@ dsl_dataset_create_sync_impl(dsl_dir_t *dd, dsl_dataset_t *origin,
                dmu_buf_will_dirty(origin->ds_dbuf, tx);
                origin->ds_phys->ds_num_children++;
 
+               if (spa_version(dp->dp_spa) >= SPA_VERSION_NEXT_CLONES) {
+                       if (origin->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj == 0) {
+                               origin->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj =
+                                   zap_create(mos,
+                                   DMU_OT_NEXT_CLONES, DMU_OT_NONE, 0, tx);
+                       }
+                       VERIFY(0 == zap_add_int(mos,
+                           origin->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj,
+                           dsobj, tx));
+               }
+
                dmu_buf_will_dirty(dd->dd_dbuf, tx);
                dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj = origin->ds_object;
        }
@@ -768,10 +828,10 @@ dsl_dataset_create_sync(dsl_dir_t *pdd, const char *lastname,
 
        ASSERT(lastname[0] != '@');
 
-       ddobj = dsl_dir_create_sync(pdd, lastname, tx);
+       ddobj = dsl_dir_create_sync(dp, pdd, lastname, tx);
        VERIFY(0 == dsl_dir_open_obj(dp, ddobj, lastname, FTAG, &dd));
 
-       dsobj = dsl_dataset_create_sync_impl(dd, origin, flags, tx);
+       dsobj = dsl_dataset_create_sync_dd(dd, origin, flags, tx);
 
        dsl_deleg_set_create_perms(dd, tx, cr);
 
@@ -796,21 +856,24 @@ dsl_snapshot_destroy_one(char *name, void *arg)
 
        (void) strcat(name, "@");
        (void) strcat(name, da->snapname);
-       err = dsl_dataset_open(name,
-           DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE | DS_MODE_READONLY | DS_MODE_INCONSISTENT,
+       err = dsl_dataset_own(name, DS_MODE_READONLY | DS_MODE_INCONSISTENT,
            da->dstg, &ds);
        cp = strchr(name, '@');
        *cp = '\0';
-       if (err == ENOENT)
-               return (0);
-       if (err) {
+       if (err == 0) {
+               dsl_dataset_make_exclusive(ds, da->dstg);
+               if (ds->ds_user_ptr) {
+                       ds->ds_user_evict_func(ds, ds->ds_user_ptr);
+                       ds->ds_user_ptr = NULL;
+               }
+               dsl_sync_task_create(da->dstg, dsl_dataset_destroy_check,
+                   dsl_dataset_destroy_sync, ds, da->dstg, 0);
+       } else if (err == ENOENT) {
+               err = 0;
+       } else {
                (void) strcpy(da->failed, name);
-               return (err);
        }
-
-       dsl_sync_task_create(da->dstg, dsl_dataset_destroy_check,
-           dsl_dataset_destroy_sync, ds, da->dstg, 0);
-       return (0);
+       return (err);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -841,16 +904,14 @@ dsl_snapshots_destroy(char *fsname, char *snapname)
        for (dst = list_head(&da.dstg->dstg_tasks); dst;
            dst = list_next(&da.dstg->dstg_tasks, dst)) {
                dsl_dataset_t *ds = dst->dst_arg1;
+               /*
+                * Return the file system name that triggered the error
+                */
                if (dst->dst_err) {
                        dsl_dataset_name(ds, fsname);
                        *strchr(fsname, '@') = '\0';
                }
-               /*
-                * If it was successful, destroy_sync would have
-                * closed the ds
-                */
-               if (err)
-                       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, da.dstg);
+               dsl_dataset_disown(ds, da.dstg);
        }
 
        dsl_sync_task_group_destroy(da.dstg);
@@ -859,9 +920,8 @@ dsl_snapshots_destroy(char *fsname, char *snapname)
 }
 
 /*
- * ds must be opened EXCLUSIVE or PRIMARY.  on return (whether
- * successful or not), ds will be closed and caller can no longer
- * dereference it.
+ * ds must be opened as OWNER.  On return (whether successful or not),
+ * ds will be closed and caller can no longer dereference it.
  */
 int
 dsl_dataset_destroy(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
@@ -872,16 +932,14 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
        dsl_dir_t *dd;
        uint64_t obj;
 
-       if (ds->ds_open_refcount != DS_REF_MAX) {
-               if (dsl_dataset_tryupgrade(ds, DS_MODE_PRIMARY,
-                   DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE) == 0) {
-                       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_PRIMARY, tag);
-                       return (EBUSY);
-               }
-       }
-
        if (dsl_dataset_is_snapshot(ds)) {
                /* Destroying a snapshot is simpler */
+               dsl_dataset_make_exclusive(ds, tag);
+
+               if (ds->ds_user_ptr) {
+                       ds->ds_user_evict_func(ds, ds->ds_user_ptr);
+                       ds->ds_user_ptr = NULL;
+               }
                err = dsl_sync_task_do(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool,
                    dsl_dataset_destroy_check, dsl_dataset_destroy_sync,
                    ds, tag, 0);
@@ -909,34 +967,17 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
         */
        for (obj = 0; err == 0; err = dmu_object_next(os, &obj, FALSE,
            ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg)) {
-               dmu_tx_t *tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
-               dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, obj, 0, DMU_OBJECT_END);
-               dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, obj);
-               err = dmu_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT);
-               if (err) {
-                       /*
-                        * Perhaps there is not enough disk
-                        * space.  Just deal with it from
-                        * dsl_dataset_destroy_sync().
-                        */
-                       dmu_tx_abort(tx);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               VERIFY(0 == dmu_object_free(os, obj, tx));
-               dmu_tx_commit(tx);
+               /*
+                * Ignore errors, if there is not enough disk space
+                * we will deal with it in dsl_dataset_destroy_sync().
+                */
+               (void) dmu_free_object(os, obj);
        }
-       /* Make sure it's not dirty before we finish destroying it. */
-       txg_wait_synced(dd->dd_pool, 0);
 
        dmu_objset_close(os);
        if (err != ESRCH)
                goto out;
 
-       if (ds->ds_user_ptr) {
-               ds->ds_user_evict_func(ds, ds->ds_user_ptr);
-               ds->ds_user_ptr = NULL;
-       }
-
        rw_enter(&dd->dd_pool->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
        err = dsl_dir_open_obj(dd->dd_pool, dd->dd_object, NULL, FTAG, &dd);
        rw_exit(&dd->dd_pool->dp_config_rwlock);
@@ -944,9 +985,23 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
        if (err)
                goto out;
 
+       if (ds->ds_user_ptr) {
+               /*
+                * We need to sync out all in-flight IO before we try
+                * to evict (the dataset evict func is trying to clear
+                * the cached entries for this dataset in the ARC).
+                */
+               txg_wait_synced(dd->dd_pool, 0);
+       }
+
        /*
         * Blow away the dsl_dir + head dataset.
         */
+       dsl_dataset_make_exclusive(ds, tag);
+       if (ds->ds_user_ptr) {
+               ds->ds_user_evict_func(ds, ds->ds_user_ptr);
+               ds->ds_user_ptr = NULL;
+       }
        dstg = dsl_sync_task_group_create(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool);
        dsl_sync_task_create(dstg, dsl_dataset_destroy_check,
            dsl_dataset_destroy_sync, ds, tag, 0);
@@ -954,23 +1009,31 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
            dsl_dir_destroy_sync, dd, FTAG, 0);
        err = dsl_sync_task_group_wait(dstg);
        dsl_sync_task_group_destroy(dstg);
-       /* if it is successful, *destroy_sync will close the ds+dd */
+       /* if it is successful, dsl_dir_destroy_sync will close the dd */
        if (err)
                dsl_dir_close(dd, FTAG);
 out:
-       if (err)
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, tag);
+       dsl_dataset_disown(ds, tag);
        return (err);
 }
 
 int
 dsl_dataset_rollback(dsl_dataset_t *ds, dmu_objset_type_t ost)
 {
-       ASSERT3U(ds->ds_open_refcount, ==, DS_REF_MAX);
+       int err;
+
+       ASSERT(ds->ds_owner);
 
-       return (dsl_sync_task_do(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool,
+       dsl_dataset_make_exclusive(ds, ds->ds_owner);
+       err = dsl_sync_task_do(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool,
            dsl_dataset_rollback_check, dsl_dataset_rollback_sync,
-           ds, &ost, 0));
+           ds, &ost, 0);
+       /* drop exclusive access */
+       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
+       rw_exit(&ds->ds_rwlock);
+       cv_broadcast(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv);
+       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
+       return (err);
 }
 
 void *
@@ -1086,31 +1149,24 @@ dsl_dataset_unique(dsl_dataset_t *ds)
 }
 
 struct killarg {
-       int64_t *usedp;
-       int64_t *compressedp;
-       int64_t *uncompressedp;
+       dsl_dataset_t *ds;
        zio_t *zio;
        dmu_tx_t *tx;
 };
 
+/* ARGSUSED */
 static int
-kill_blkptr(traverse_blk_cache_t *bc, spa_t *spa, void *arg)
+kill_blkptr(spa_t *spa, blkptr_t *bp, const zbookmark_t *zb,
+    const dnode_phys_t *dnp, void *arg)
 {
        struct killarg *ka = arg;
-       blkptr_t *bp = &bc->bc_blkptr;
 
-       ASSERT3U(bc->bc_errno, ==, 0);
+       if (bp == NULL)
+               return (0);
+
+       ASSERT3U(bp->blk_birth, >, ka->ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg);
+       (void) dsl_dataset_block_kill(ka->ds, bp, ka->zio, ka->tx);
 
-       /*
-        * Since this callback is not called concurrently, no lock is
-        * needed on the accounting values.
-        */
-       *ka->usedp += bp_get_dasize(spa, bp);
-       *ka->compressedp += BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
-       *ka->uncompressedp += BP_GET_UCSIZE(bp);
-       /* XXX check for EIO? */
-       (void) arc_free(ka->zio, spa, ka->tx->tx_txg, bp, NULL, NULL,
-           ARC_NOWAIT);
        return (0);
 }
 
@@ -1134,7 +1190,7 @@ dsl_dataset_rollback_check(void *arg1, void *arg2, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                return (EINVAL);
 
        /*
-        * If we made changes this txg, traverse_dsl_dataset won't find
+        * If we made changes this txg, traverse_dataset won't find
         * them.  Try again.
         */
        if (ds->ds_phys->ds_bp.blk_birth >= tx->tx_txg)
@@ -1164,7 +1220,7 @@ dsl_dataset_rollback_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                 * We need to make sure that the objset_impl_t is reopened after
                 * we do the rollback, otherwise it will have the wrong
                 * objset_phys_t.  Normally this would happen when this
-                * DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE dataset-open is closed, thus causing the
+                * dataset-open is closed, thus causing the
                 * dataset to be immediately evicted.  But when doing "zfs recv
                 * -F", we reopen the objset before that, so that there is no
                 * window where the dataset is closed and inconsistent.
@@ -1173,6 +1229,16 @@ dsl_dataset_rollback_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                ds->ds_user_ptr = NULL;
        }
 
+       /* Transfer space that was freed since last snap back to the head. */
+       {
+               uint64_t used;
+
+               VERIFY(0 == bplist_space_birthrange(&ds->ds_deadlist,
+                   ds->ds_origin_txg, UINT64_MAX, &used));
+               dsl_dir_transfer_space(ds->ds_dir, used,
+                   DD_USED_SNAP, DD_USED_HEAD, tx);
+       }
+
        /* Zero out the deadlist. */
        bplist_close(&ds->ds_deadlist);
        bplist_destroy(mos, ds->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj, tx);
@@ -1184,31 +1250,29 @@ dsl_dataset_rollback_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        {
                /* Free blkptrs that we gave birth to */
                zio_t *zio;
-               int64_t used = 0, compressed = 0, uncompressed = 0;
                struct killarg ka;
-               int64_t delta;
 
                zio = zio_root(tx->tx_pool->dp_spa, NULL, NULL,
                    ZIO_FLAG_MUSTSUCCEED);
-               ka.usedp = &used;
-               ka.compressedp = &compressed;
-               ka.uncompressedp = &uncompressed;
+               ka.ds = ds;
                ka.zio = zio;
                ka.tx = tx;
-               (void) traverse_dsl_dataset(ds, ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg,
-                   ADVANCE_POST, kill_blkptr, &ka);
+               (void) traverse_dataset(ds, ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg,
+                   TRAVERSE_POST, kill_blkptr, &ka);
                (void) zio_wait(zio);
-
-               /* only deduct space beyond any refreservation */
-               delta = parent_delta(ds, -used);
-               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir,
-                   delta, -compressed, -uncompressed, tx);
        }
 
-       if (ds->ds_prev) {
+       ASSERT(!(ds->ds_phys->ds_flags & DS_FLAG_UNIQUE_ACCURATE) ||
+           ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes == 0);
+
+       if (ds->ds_prev && ds->ds_prev != ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_origin_snap) {
                /* Change our contents to that of the prev snapshot */
+
                ASSERT3U(ds->ds_prev->ds_object, ==,
                    ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj);
+               ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes, <=,
+                   ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes);
+
                ds->ds_phys->ds_bp = ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_bp;
                ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes =
                    ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes;
@@ -1217,22 +1281,30 @@ dsl_dataset_rollback_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes =
                    ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes;
                ds->ds_phys->ds_flags = ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_flags;
-               ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes = 0;
 
                if (ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj == ds->ds_object) {
                        dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_prev->ds_dbuf, tx);
                        ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes = 0;
                }
        } else {
-               /* Zero out our contents, recreate objset */
+               objset_impl_t *osi;
+
+               ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes, ==, 0);
+               ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes, ==, 0);
+               ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes, ==, 0);
+
                bzero(&ds->ds_phys->ds_bp, sizeof (blkptr_t));
-               ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes = 0;
-               ds->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes = 0;
-               ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes = 0;
                ds->ds_phys->ds_flags = 0;
                ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes = 0;
-               (void) dmu_objset_create_impl(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_spa, ds,
+               if (spa_version(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_spa) >=
+                   SPA_VERSION_UNIQUE_ACCURATE)
+                       ds->ds_phys->ds_flags |= DS_FLAG_UNIQUE_ACCURATE;
+
+               osi = dmu_objset_create_impl(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_spa, ds,
                    &ds->ds_phys->ds_bp, *ost, tx);
+#ifdef _KERNEL
+               zfs_create_fs(&osi->os, kcred, NULL, tx);
+#endif
        }
 
        spa_history_internal_log(LOG_DS_ROLLBACK, ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_spa,
@@ -1292,6 +1364,9 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_check(void *arg1, void *arg2, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
        dsl_dataset_t *ds = arg1;
 
+       /* we have an owner hold, so noone else can destroy us */
+       ASSERT(!DSL_DATASET_IS_DESTROYED(ds));
+
        /* Can't delete a branch point. */
        if (ds->ds_phys->ds_num_children > 1)
                return (EEXIST);
@@ -1316,11 +1391,50 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_check(void *arg1, void *arg2, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        return (0);
 }
 
+struct refsarg {
+       kmutex_t lock;
+       boolean_t gone;
+       kcondvar_t cv;
+};
+
+/* ARGSUSED */
+static void
+dsl_dataset_refs_gone(dmu_buf_t *db, void *argv)
+{
+       struct refsarg *arg = argv;
+
+       mutex_enter(&arg->lock);
+       arg->gone = TRUE;
+       cv_signal(&arg->cv);
+       mutex_exit(&arg->lock);
+}
+
+static void
+dsl_dataset_drain_refs(dsl_dataset_t *ds, void *tag)
+{
+       struct refsarg arg;
+
+       mutex_init(&arg.lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
+       cv_init(&arg.cv, NULL, CV_DEFAULT, NULL);
+       arg.gone = FALSE;
+       (void) dmu_buf_update_user(ds->ds_dbuf, ds, &arg, &ds->ds_phys,
+           dsl_dataset_refs_gone);
+       dmu_buf_rele(ds->ds_dbuf, tag);
+       mutex_enter(&arg.lock);
+       while (!arg.gone)
+               cv_wait(&arg.cv, &arg.lock);
+       ASSERT(arg.gone);
+       mutex_exit(&arg.lock);
+       ds->ds_dbuf = NULL;
+       ds->ds_phys = NULL;
+       mutex_destroy(&arg.lock);
+       cv_destroy(&arg.cv);
+}
+
 void
 dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
        dsl_dataset_t *ds = arg1;
-       int64_t used = 0, compressed = 0, uncompressed = 0;
        zio_t *zio;
        int err;
        int after_branch_point = FALSE;
@@ -1329,12 +1443,18 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        dsl_dataset_t *ds_prev = NULL;
        uint64_t obj;
 
-       ASSERT3U(ds->ds_open_refcount, ==, DS_REF_MAX);
+       ASSERT(ds->ds_owner);
        ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_num_children, <=, 1);
        ASSERT(ds->ds_prev == NULL ||
            ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj != ds->ds_object);
        ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_bp.blk_birth, <=, tx->tx_txg);
 
+       /* signal any waiters that this dataset is going away */
+       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
+       ds->ds_owner = dsl_reaper;
+       cv_broadcast(&ds->ds_exclusive_cv);
+       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
+
        /* Remove our reservation */
        if (ds->ds_reserved != 0) {
                uint64_t val = 0;
@@ -1344,21 +1464,32 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 
        ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&dp->dp_config_rwlock));
 
+       dsl_pool_ds_destroyed(ds, tx);
+
        obj = ds->ds_object;
 
        if (ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj != 0) {
                if (ds->ds_prev) {
                        ds_prev = ds->ds_prev;
                } else {
-                       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-                           ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, NULL,
-                           DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ds_prev));
+                       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp,
+                           ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, FTAG, &ds_prev));
                }
                after_branch_point =
                    (ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj != obj);
 
                dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds_prev->ds_dbuf, tx);
                if (after_branch_point &&
+                   ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj != 0) {
+                       VERIFY(0 == zap_remove_int(mos,
+                           ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj, obj, tx));
+                       if (ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj != 0) {
+                               VERIFY(0 == zap_add_int(mos,
+                                   ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj,
+                                   ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj, tx));
+                       }
+               }
+               if (after_branch_point &&
                    ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj == 0) {
                        /* This clone is toast. */
                        ASSERT(ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_num_children > 1);
@@ -1376,12 +1507,10 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                dsl_dataset_t *ds_next;
                uint64_t itor = 0;
                uint64_t old_unique;
+               int64_t used = 0, compressed = 0, uncompressed = 0;
 
-               spa_scrub_restart(dp->dp_spa, tx->tx_txg);
-
-               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-                   ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj, NULL,
-                   DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ds_next));
+               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp,
+                   ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj, FTAG, &ds_next));
                ASSERT3U(ds_next->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, ==, obj);
 
                old_unique = dsl_dataset_unique(ds_next);
@@ -1402,8 +1531,7 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                 *
                 * XXX we're doing this long task with the config lock held
                 */
-               while (bplist_iterate(&ds_next->ds_deadlist, &itor,
-                   &bp) == 0) {
+               while (bplist_iterate(&ds_next->ds_deadlist, &itor, &bp) == 0) {
                        if (bp.blk_birth <= ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg) {
                                VERIFY(0 == bplist_enqueue(&ds->ds_deadlist,
                                    &bp, tx));
@@ -1418,16 +1546,23 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                                compressed += BP_GET_PSIZE(&bp);
                                uncompressed += BP_GET_UCSIZE(&bp);
                                /* XXX check return value? */
-                               (void) arc_free(zio, dp->dp_spa, tx->tx_txg,
+                               (void) dsl_free(zio, dp, tx->tx_txg,
                                    &bp, NULL, NULL, ARC_NOWAIT);
                        }
                }
 
+               ASSERT3U(used, ==, ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes);
+
+               /* change snapused */
+               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, DD_USED_SNAP,
+                   -used, -compressed, -uncompressed, tx);
+
                /* free next's deadlist */
                bplist_close(&ds_next->ds_deadlist);
                bplist_destroy(mos, ds_next->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj, tx);
 
                /* set next's deadlist to our deadlist */
+               bplist_close(&ds->ds_deadlist);
                ds_next->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj =
                    ds->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj;
                VERIFY(0 == bplist_open(&ds_next->ds_deadlist, mos,
@@ -1448,34 +1583,28 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                         * config lock held
                         */
                        dsl_dataset_t *ds_after_next;
+                       uint64_t space;
 
-                       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-                           ds_next->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj, NULL,
-                           DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ds_after_next));
-                       itor = 0;
-                       while (bplist_iterate(&ds_after_next->ds_deadlist,
-                           &itor, &bp) == 0) {
-                               if (bp.blk_birth >
-                                   ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg &&
-                                   bp.blk_birth <=
-                                   ds->ds_phys->ds_creation_txg) {
-                                       ds_next->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes +=
-                                           bp_get_dasize(dp->dp_spa, &bp);
-                               }
-                       }
+                       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp,
+                           ds_next->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj,
+                           FTAG, &ds_after_next));
 
-                       dsl_dataset_close(ds_after_next, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+                       VERIFY(0 ==
+                           bplist_space_birthrange(&ds_after_next->ds_deadlist,
+                           ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg,
+                           ds->ds_phys->ds_creation_txg, &space));
+                       ds_next->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes += space;
+
+                       dsl_dataset_rele(ds_after_next, FTAG);
                        ASSERT3P(ds_next->ds_prev, ==, NULL);
                } else {
                        ASSERT3P(ds_next->ds_prev, ==, ds);
-                       dsl_dataset_close(ds_next->ds_prev, DS_MODE_NONE,
-                           ds_next);
+                       dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ds_next->ds_prev, ds_next);
+                       ds_next->ds_prev = NULL;
                        if (ds_prev) {
-                               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-                                   ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, NULL,
-                                   DS_MODE_NONE, ds_next, &ds_next->ds_prev));
-                       } else {
-                               ds_next->ds_prev = NULL;
+                               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_ref(dp,
+                                   ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj,
+                                   ds_next, &ds_next->ds_prev));
                        }
 
                        dsl_dataset_recalc_head_uniq(ds_next);
@@ -1493,18 +1622,11 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                                ASSERT(old_unique <= new_unique);
                                mrsdelta = MIN(new_unique - old_unique,
                                    ds_next->ds_reserved - old_unique);
-                               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, -mrsdelta,
-                                   0, 0, tx);
+                               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir,
+                                   DD_USED_REFRSRV, -mrsdelta, 0, 0, tx);
                        }
                }
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds_next, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
-
-               /*
-                * NB: unique_bytes might not be accurate for the head objset.
-                * Before SPA_VERSION 9, we didn't update its value when we
-                * deleted the most recent snapshot.
-                */
-               ASSERT3U(used, ==, ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds_next, FTAG);
        } else {
                /*
                 * There's no next snapshot, so this is a head dataset.
@@ -1523,76 +1645,71 @@ dsl_dataset_destroy_sync(void *arg1, void *tag, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                 * Free everything that we point to (that's born after
                 * the previous snapshot, if we are a clone)
                 *
-                * XXX we're doing this long task with the config lock held
+                * NB: this should be very quick, because we already
+                * freed all the objects in open context.
                 */
-               ka.usedp = &used;
-               ka.compressedp = &compressed;
-               ka.uncompressedp = &uncompressed;
+               ka.ds = ds;
                ka.zio = zio;
                ka.tx = tx;
-               err = traverse_dsl_dataset(ds, ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg,
-                   ADVANCE_POST, kill_blkptr, &ka);
+               err = traverse_dataset(ds, ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg,
+                   TRAVERSE_POST, kill_blkptr, &ka);
                ASSERT3U(err, ==, 0);
-               ASSERT(spa_version(dp->dp_spa) <
-                   SPA_VERSION_UNIQUE_ACCURATE ||
-                   used == ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes);
+               ASSERT(spa_version(dp->dp_spa) < SPA_VERSION_UNIQUE_ACCURATE ||
+                   ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes == 0);
        }
 
        err = zio_wait(zio);
        ASSERT3U(err, ==, 0);
 
-       dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, -used, -compressed, -uncompressed, tx);
-
-       if (ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj) {
-               err = zap_destroy(mos, ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj, tx);
-               ASSERT(err == 0);
-       }
-
        if (ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj == ds->ds_object) {
-               /* Erase the link in the dataset */
+               /* Erase the link in the dir */
                dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dir->dd_dbuf, tx);
                ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj = 0;
-               /*
-                * dsl_dir_sync_destroy() called us, they'll destroy
-                * the dataset.
-                */
+               ASSERT(ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj != 0);
+               err = zap_destroy(mos, ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj, tx);
+               ASSERT(err == 0);
        } else {
                /* remove from snapshot namespace */
                dsl_dataset_t *ds_head;
-               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-                   ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj, NULL,
-                   DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ds_head));
+               ASSERT(ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj == 0);
+               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp,
+                   ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj, FTAG, &ds_head));
                VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_snapname(ds));
 #ifdef ZFS_DEBUG
                {
                        uint64_t val;
 
-                       err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(mos,
-                           ds_head->ds_phys->ds_flags,
-                           ds_head->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj,
+                       err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(ds_head,
                            ds->ds_snapname, &val);
                        ASSERT3U(err, ==, 0);
                        ASSERT3U(val, ==, obj);
                }
 #endif
-               err = dsl_dataset_snap_remove(mos,
-                   ds_head->ds_phys->ds_flags,
-                   ds_head->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj,
-                   ds->ds_snapname, tx);
+               err = dsl_dataset_snap_remove(ds_head, ds->ds_snapname, tx);
                ASSERT(err == 0);
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds_head, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds_head, FTAG);
        }
 
        if (ds_prev && ds->ds_prev != ds_prev)
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds_prev, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds_prev, FTAG);
 
        spa_prop_clear_bootfs(dp->dp_spa, ds->ds_object, tx);
        spa_history_internal_log(LOG_DS_DESTROY, dp->dp_spa, tx,
            cr, "dataset = %llu", ds->ds_object);
 
-       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, tag);
+       if (ds->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj != 0) {
+               uint64_t count;
+               ASSERT(0 == zap_count(mos,
+                   ds->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj, &count) && count == 0);
+               VERIFY(0 == dmu_object_free(mos,
+                   ds->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj, tx));
+       }
+       if (ds->ds_phys->ds_props_obj != 0)
+               VERIFY(0 == zap_destroy(mos, ds->ds_phys->ds_props_obj, tx));
+       dsl_dir_close(ds->ds_dir, ds);
+       ds->ds_dir = NULL;
+       dsl_dataset_drain_refs(ds, tag);
        VERIFY(0 == dmu_object_free(mos, obj, tx));
-
 }
 
 static int
@@ -1628,7 +1745,6 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_check(void *arg1, void *arg2, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
        dsl_dataset_t *ds = arg1;
        const char *snapname = arg2;
-       objset_t *mos = ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset;
        int err;
        uint64_t value;
 
@@ -1642,8 +1758,7 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_check(void *arg1, void *arg2, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        /*
         * Check for conflicting name snapshot name.
         */
-       err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(mos, ds->ds_phys->ds_flags,
-           ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj, snapname, &value);
+       err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(ds, snapname, &value);
        if (err == 0)
                return (EEXIST);
        if (err != ENOENT)
@@ -1672,18 +1787,26 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        dsl_pool_t *dp = ds->ds_dir->dd_pool;
        dmu_buf_t *dbuf;
        dsl_dataset_phys_t *dsphys;
-       uint64_t dsobj;
+       uint64_t dsobj, crtxg;
        objset_t *mos = dp->dp_meta_objset;
        int err;
 
-       spa_scrub_restart(dp->dp_spa, tx->tx_txg);
        ASSERT(RW_WRITE_HELD(&dp->dp_config_rwlock));
 
+       /*
+        * The origin's ds_creation_txg has to be < TXG_INITIAL
+        */
+       if (strcmp(snapname, ORIGIN_DIR_NAME) == 0)
+               crtxg = 1;
+       else
+               crtxg = tx->tx_txg;
+
        dsobj = dmu_object_alloc(mos, DMU_OT_DSL_DATASET, 0,
            DMU_OT_DSL_DATASET, sizeof (dsl_dataset_phys_t), tx);
        VERIFY(0 == dmu_bonus_hold(mos, dsobj, FTAG, &dbuf));
        dmu_buf_will_dirty(dbuf, tx);
        dsphys = dbuf->db_data;
+       bzero(dsphys, sizeof (dsl_dataset_phys_t));
        dsphys->ds_dir_obj = ds->ds_dir->dd_object;
        dsphys->ds_fsid_guid = unique_create();
        (void) random_get_pseudo_bytes((void*)&dsphys->ds_guid,
@@ -1693,7 +1816,7 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        dsphys->ds_next_snap_obj = ds->ds_object;
        dsphys->ds_num_children = 1;
        dsphys->ds_creation_time = gethrestime_sec();
-       dsphys->ds_creation_txg = tx->tx_txg;
+       dsphys->ds_creation_txg = crtxg;
        dsphys->ds_deadlist_obj = ds->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj;
        dsphys->ds_used_bytes = ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes;
        dsphys->ds_compressed_bytes = ds->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes;
@@ -1704,6 +1827,8 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 
        ASSERT3U(ds->ds_prev != 0, ==, ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj != 0);
        if (ds->ds_prev) {
+               uint64_t next_clones_obj =
+                   ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj;
                ASSERT(ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj ==
                    ds->ds_object ||
                    ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_num_children > 1);
@@ -1712,6 +1837,11 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                        ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg, ==,
                            ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_creation_txg);
                        ds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj = dsobj;
+               } else if (next_clones_obj != 0) {
+                       VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove_int(mos,
+                           next_clones_obj, dsphys->ds_next_snap_obj, tx));
+                       VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add_int(mos,
+                           next_clones_obj, dsobj, tx));
                }
        }
 
@@ -1722,14 +1852,15 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
         */
        if (ds->ds_reserved) {
                int64_t add = MIN(dsl_dataset_unique(ds), ds->ds_reserved);
-               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, add, 0, 0, tx);
+               dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, DD_USED_REFRSRV,
+                   add, 0, 0, tx);
        }
 
        bplist_close(&ds->ds_deadlist);
        dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
        ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg, <, tx->tx_txg);
        ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj = dsobj;
-       ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg = tx->tx_txg;
+       ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg = crtxg;
        ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes = 0;
        if (spa_version(dp->dp_spa) >= SPA_VERSION_UNIQUE_ACCURATE)
                ds->ds_phys->ds_flags |= DS_FLAG_UNIQUE_ACCURATE;
@@ -1744,10 +1875,11 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        ASSERT(err == 0);
 
        if (ds->ds_prev)
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds->ds_prev, DS_MODE_NONE, ds);
-       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-           ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, snapname,
-           DS_MODE_NONE, ds, &ds->ds_prev));
+               dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ds->ds_prev, ds);
+       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_ref(dp,
+           ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, ds, &ds->ds_prev));
+
+       dsl_pool_ds_snapshotted(ds, tx);
 
        spa_history_internal_log(LOG_DS_SNAPSHOT, dp->dp_spa, tx, cr,
            "dataset = %llu", dsobj);
@@ -1790,6 +1922,8 @@ dsl_dataset_stats(dsl_dataset_t *ds, nvlist_t *nv)
            ds->ds_quota);
        dsl_prop_nvlist_add_uint64(nv, ZFS_PROP_REFRESERVATION,
            ds->ds_reserved);
+       dsl_prop_nvlist_add_uint64(nv, ZFS_PROP_GUID,
+           ds->ds_phys->ds_guid);
 
        if (ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj) {
                /*
@@ -1818,14 +1952,13 @@ dsl_dataset_fast_stat(dsl_dataset_t *ds, dmu_objset_stats_t *stat)
 
        /* clone origin is really a dsl_dir thing... */
        rw_enter(&ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
-       if (ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj) {
+       if (dsl_dir_is_clone(ds->ds_dir)) {
                dsl_dataset_t *ods;
 
-               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool,
-                   ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj,
-                   NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ods));
+               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_ref(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool,
+                   ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj, FTAG, &ods));
                dsl_dataset_name(ods, stat->dds_origin);
-               dsl_dataset_close(ods, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+               dsl_dataset_drop_ref(ods, FTAG);
        }
        rw_exit(&ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_config_rwlock);
 }
@@ -1881,20 +2014,18 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_rename_check(void *arg1, void *arg2, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        dsl_dataset_t *ds = arg1;
        char *newsnapname = arg2;
        dsl_dir_t *dd = ds->ds_dir;
-       objset_t *mos = dd->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset;
        dsl_dataset_t *hds;
        uint64_t val;
        int err;
 
-       err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dd->dd_pool,
-           dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj, NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &hds);
+       err = dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dd->dd_pool,
+           dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj, FTAG, &hds);
        if (err)
                return (err);
 
        /* new name better not be in use */
-       err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(mos, hds->ds_phys->ds_flags,
-           hds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj, newsnapname, &val);
-       dsl_dataset_close(hds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+       err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(hds, newsnapname, &val);
+       dsl_dataset_rele(hds, FTAG);
 
        if (err == 0)
                err = EEXIST;
@@ -1921,12 +2052,11 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_rename_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2,
 
        ASSERT(ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj != 0);
 
-       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dd->dd_pool,
-           dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj, NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &hds));
+       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dd->dd_pool,
+           dd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj, FTAG, &hds));
 
        VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_snapname(ds));
-       err = dsl_dataset_snap_remove(mos, hds->ds_phys->ds_flags,
-           hds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj, ds->ds_snapname, tx);
+       err = dsl_dataset_snap_remove(hds, ds->ds_snapname, tx);
        ASSERT3U(err, ==, 0);
        mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
        (void) strcpy(ds->ds_snapname, newsnapname);
@@ -1937,7 +2067,7 @@ dsl_dataset_snapshot_rename_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2,
 
        spa_history_internal_log(LOG_DS_RENAME, dd->dd_pool->dp_spa, tx,
            cr, "dataset = %llu", ds->ds_object);
-       dsl_dataset_close(hds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+       dsl_dataset_rele(hds, FTAG);
 }
 
 struct renamesnaparg {
@@ -1963,30 +2093,28 @@ dsl_snapshot_rename_one(char *name, void *arg)
         * For recursive snapshot renames the parent won't be changing
         * so we just pass name for both the to/from argument.
         */
-       if (err = zfs_secpolicy_rename_perms(name, name, CRED())) {
-               (void) strcpy(ra->failed, name);
-               return (err);
-       }
-
-       err = dsl_dataset_open(name, DS_MODE_READONLY | DS_MODE_STANDARD,
-           ra->dstg, &ds);
+       err = zfs_secpolicy_rename_perms(name, name, CRED());
        if (err == ENOENT) {
-               *cp = '\0';
                return (0);
-       }
-       if (err) {
+       } else if (err) {
                (void) strcpy(ra->failed, name);
-               *cp = '\0';
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_STANDARD, ra->dstg);
                return (err);
        }
 
 #ifdef _KERNEL
-       /* for all filesystems undergoing rename, we'll need to unmount it */
+       /*
+        * For all filesystems undergoing rename, we'll need to unmount it.
+        */
        (void) zfs_unmount_snap(name, NULL);
 #endif
-
+       err = dsl_dataset_hold(name, ra->dstg, &ds);
        *cp = '\0';
+       if (err == ENOENT) {
+               return (0);
+       } else if (err) {
+               (void) strcpy(ra->failed, name);
+               return (err);
+       }
 
        dsl_sync_task_create(ra->dstg, dsl_dataset_snapshot_rename_check,
            dsl_dataset_snapshot_rename_sync, ds, ra->newsnap, 0);
@@ -2036,7 +2164,7 @@ dsl_recursive_rename(char *oldname, const char *newname)
                        (void) strcat(ra->failed, "@");
                        (void) strcat(ra->failed, ra->newsnap);
                }
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_STANDARD, ra->dstg);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds, ra->dstg);
        }
 
        if (err)
@@ -2061,8 +2189,7 @@ dsl_valid_rename(char *oldname, void *arg)
 
 #pragma weak dmu_objset_rename = dsl_dataset_rename
 int
-dsl_dataset_rename(char *oldname, const char *newname,
-    boolean_t recursive)
+dsl_dataset_rename(char *oldname, const char *newname, boolean_t recursive)
 {
        dsl_dir_t *dd;
        dsl_dataset_t *ds;
@@ -2075,7 +2202,7 @@ dsl_dataset_rename(char *oldname, const char *newname,
        if (tail == NULL) {
                int delta = strlen(newname) - strlen(oldname);
 
-               /* if we're growing, validate child size lengths */
+               /* if we're growing, validate child name lengths */
                if (delta > 0)
                        err = dmu_objset_find(oldname, dsl_valid_rename,
                            &delta, DS_FIND_CHILDREN | DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS);
@@ -2104,8 +2231,7 @@ dsl_dataset_rename(char *oldname, const char *newname,
        if (recursive) {
                err = dsl_recursive_rename(oldname, newname);
        } else {
-               err = dsl_dataset_open(oldname,
-                   DS_MODE_READONLY | DS_MODE_STANDARD, FTAG, &ds);
+               err = dsl_dataset_hold(oldname, FTAG, &ds);
                if (err)
                        return (err);
 
@@ -2113,157 +2239,149 @@ dsl_dataset_rename(char *oldname, const char *newname,
                    dsl_dataset_snapshot_rename_check,
                    dsl_dataset_snapshot_rename_sync, ds, (char *)tail, 1);
 
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_STANDARD, FTAG);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
        }
 
        return (err);
 }
 
+struct promotenode {
+       list_node_t link;
+       dsl_dataset_t *ds;
+};
+
 struct promotearg {
-       uint64_t used, comp, uncomp, unique;
-       uint64_t ds_flags, newnext_obj, snapnames_obj;
+       list_t shared_snaps, origin_snaps, clone_snaps;
+       dsl_dataset_t *origin_origin, *origin_head;
+       uint64_t used, comp, uncomp, unique, cloneusedsnap, originusedsnap;
 };
 
+static int snaplist_space(list_t *l, uint64_t mintxg, uint64_t *spacep);
+
 /* ARGSUSED */
 static int
 dsl_dataset_promote_check(void *arg1, void *arg2, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
        dsl_dataset_t *hds = arg1;
        struct promotearg *pa = arg2;
-       dsl_dir_t *dd = hds->ds_dir;
-       dsl_pool_t *dp = hds->ds_dir->dd_pool;
-       dsl_dir_t *odd = NULL;
-       dsl_dataset_t *ds = NULL;
-       dsl_dataset_t *origin_ds = NULL;
-       dsl_dataset_t *newnext_ds = NULL;
+       struct promotenode *snap = list_head(&pa->shared_snaps);
+       dsl_dataset_t *origin_ds = snap->ds;
        int err;
-       char *name = NULL;
-       uint64_t itor = 0;
-       blkptr_t bp;
 
-       bzero(pa, sizeof (*pa));
-
-       /* Check that it is a clone */
-       if (dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj == 0)
+       /* Check that it is a real clone */
+       if (!dsl_dir_is_clone(hds->ds_dir))
                return (EINVAL);
 
        /* Since this is so expensive, don't do the preliminary check */
        if (!dmu_tx_is_syncing(tx))
                return (0);
 
-       if (err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp, dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj,
-           NULL, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG, &origin_ds))
-               goto out;
-       odd = origin_ds->ds_dir;
-
-       {
-               dsl_dataset_t *phds;
-               if (err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dd->dd_pool,
-                   odd->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj,
-                   NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &phds))
-                       goto out;
-               pa->ds_flags = phds->ds_phys->ds_flags;
-               pa->snapnames_obj = phds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj;
-               dsl_dataset_close(phds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
-       }
-
-       if (hds->ds_phys->ds_flags & DS_FLAG_NOPROMOTE) {
-               err = EXDEV;
-               goto out;
-       }
-
-       /* find origin's new next ds */
-       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dd->dd_pool, hds->ds_object,
-           NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &newnext_ds));
-       while (newnext_ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj != origin_ds->ds_object) {
-               dsl_dataset_t *prev;
-
-               if (err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dd->dd_pool,
-                   newnext_ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj,
-                   NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &prev))
-                       goto out;
-               dsl_dataset_close(newnext_ds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
-               newnext_ds = prev;
-       }
-       pa->newnext_obj = newnext_ds->ds_object;
+       if (hds->ds_phys->ds_flags & DS_FLAG_NOPROMOTE)
+               return (EXDEV);
 
        /* compute origin's new unique space */
-       while ((err = bplist_iterate(&newnext_ds->ds_deadlist,
-           &itor, &bp)) == 0) {
-               if (bp.blk_birth > origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg)
-                       pa->unique += bp_get_dasize(dd->dd_pool->dp_spa, &bp);
-       }
-       if (err != ENOENT)
-               goto out;
+       snap = list_tail(&pa->clone_snaps);
+       ASSERT3U(snap->ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, ==, origin_ds->ds_object);
+       err = bplist_space_birthrange(&snap->ds->ds_deadlist,
+           origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg, UINT64_MAX, &pa->unique);
+       if (err)
+               return (err);
 
-       /* Walk the snapshots that we are moving */
-       name = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);
-       ds = origin_ds;
-       /* CONSTCOND */
-       while (TRUE) {
+       /*
+        * Walk the snapshots that we are moving
+        *
+        * Compute space to transfer.  Consider the incremental changes
+        * to used for each snapshot:
+        * (my used) = (prev's used) + (blocks born) - (blocks killed)
+        * So each snapshot gave birth to:
+        * (blocks born) = (my used) - (prev's used) + (blocks killed)
+        * So a sequence would look like:
+        * (uN - u(N-1) + kN) + ... + (u1 - u0 + k1) + (u0 - 0 + k0)
+        * Which simplifies to:
+        * uN + kN + kN-1 + ... + k1 + k0
+        * Note however, if we stop before we reach the ORIGIN we get:
+        * uN + kN + kN-1 + ... + kM - uM-1
+        */
+       pa->used = origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes;
+       pa->comp = origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes;
+       pa->uncomp = origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes;
+       for (snap = list_head(&pa->shared_snaps); snap;
+           snap = list_next(&pa->shared_snaps, snap)) {
                uint64_t val, dlused, dlcomp, dluncomp;
-               dsl_dataset_t *prev;
+               dsl_dataset_t *ds = snap->ds;
 
                /* Check that the snapshot name does not conflict */
-               dsl_dataset_name(ds, name);
-               err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(dd->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset,
-                   hds->ds_phys->ds_flags, hds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj,
-                   ds->ds_snapname, &val);
-               if (err != ENOENT) {
-                       if (err == 0)
-                               err = EEXIST;
-                       goto out;
-               }
-
-               /*
-                * compute space to transfer.  Each snapshot gave birth to:
-                * (my used) - (prev's used) + (deadlist's used)
-                */
-               pa->used += ds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes;
-               pa->comp += ds->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes;
-               pa->uncomp += ds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes;
+               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_snapname(ds));
+               err = dsl_dataset_snap_lookup(hds, ds->ds_snapname, &val);
+               if (err == 0)
+                       return (EEXIST);
+               if (err != ENOENT)
+                       return (err);
 
-               /* If we reach the first snapshot, we're done. */
+               /* The very first snapshot does not have a deadlist */
                if (ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj == 0)
-                       break;
+                       continue;
 
                if (err = bplist_space(&ds->ds_deadlist,
                    &dlused, &dlcomp, &dluncomp))
-                       goto out;
-               if (err = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dd->dd_pool,
-                   ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, NULL, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
-                   FTAG, &prev))
-                       goto out;
-               pa->used += dlused - prev->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes;
-               pa->comp += dlcomp - prev->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes;
-               pa->uncomp += dluncomp - prev->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes;
+                       return (err);
+               pa->used += dlused;
+               pa->comp += dlcomp;
+               pa->uncomp += dluncomp;
+       }
 
-               /*
-                * We could be a clone of a clone.  If we reach our
-                * parent's branch point, we're done.
-                */
-               if (prev->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj != ds->ds_object) {
-                       dsl_dataset_close(prev, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
-                       break;
-               }
-               if (ds != origin_ds)
-                       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
-               ds = prev;
+       /*
+        * If we are a clone of a clone then we never reached ORIGIN,
+        * so we need to subtract out the clone origin's used space.
+        */
+       if (pa->origin_origin) {
+               pa->used -= pa->origin_origin->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes;
+               pa->comp -= pa->origin_origin->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes;
+               pa->uncomp -= pa->origin_origin->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes;
        }
 
        /* Check that there is enough space here */
-       err = dsl_dir_transfer_possible(odd, dd, pa->used);
+       err = dsl_dir_transfer_possible(origin_ds->ds_dir, hds->ds_dir,
+           pa->used);
+       if (err)
+               return (err);
 
-out:
-       if (ds && ds != origin_ds)
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
-       if (origin_ds)
-               dsl_dataset_close(origin_ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
-       if (newnext_ds)
-               dsl_dataset_close(newnext_ds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
-       if (name)
-               kmem_free(name, MAXPATHLEN);
-       return (err);
+       /*
+        * Compute the amounts of space that will be used by snapshots
+        * after the promotion (for both origin and clone).  For each,
+        * it is the amount of space that will be on all of their
+        * deadlists (that was not born before their new origin).
+        */
+       if (hds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_flags & DD_FLAG_USED_BREAKDOWN) {
+               uint64_t space;
+
+               /*
+                * Note, typically this will not be a clone of a clone,
+                * so snap->ds->ds_origin_txg will be < TXG_INITIAL, so
+                * these snaplist_space() -> bplist_space_birthrange()
+                * calls will be fast because they do not have to
+                * iterate over all bps.
+                */
+               snap = list_head(&pa->origin_snaps);
+               err = snaplist_space(&pa->shared_snaps,
+                   snap->ds->ds_origin_txg, &pa->cloneusedsnap);
+               if (err)
+                       return (err);
+
+               err = snaplist_space(&pa->clone_snaps,
+                   snap->ds->ds_origin_txg, &space);
+               if (err)
+                       return (err);
+               pa->cloneusedsnap += space;
+       }
+       if (origin_ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_flags & DD_FLAG_USED_BREAKDOWN) {
+               err = snaplist_space(&pa->origin_snaps,
+                   origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_creation_txg, &pa->originusedsnap);
+               if (err)
+                       return (err);
+       }
+
+       return (0);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2271,17 +2389,20 @@ dsl_dataset_promote_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
        dsl_dataset_t *hds = arg1;
        struct promotearg *pa = arg2;
+       struct promotenode *snap = list_head(&pa->shared_snaps);
+       dsl_dataset_t *origin_ds = snap->ds;
+       dsl_dataset_t *origin_head;
        dsl_dir_t *dd = hds->ds_dir;
        dsl_pool_t *dp = hds->ds_dir->dd_pool;
        dsl_dir_t *odd = NULL;
-       dsl_dataset_t *ds, *origin_ds;
-       char *name;
+       uint64_t oldnext_obj;
+       int64_t delta;
 
-       ASSERT(dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj != 0);
        ASSERT(0 == (hds->ds_phys->ds_flags & DS_FLAG_NOPROMOTE));
 
-       VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp, dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj,
-           NULL, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG, &origin_ds));
+       snap = list_head(&pa->origin_snaps);
+       origin_head = snap->ds;
+
        /*
         * We need to explicitly open odd, since origin_ds's dd will be
         * changing.
@@ -2289,21 +2410,49 @@ dsl_dataset_promote_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
        VERIFY(0 == dsl_dir_open_obj(dp, origin_ds->ds_dir->dd_object,
            NULL, FTAG, &odd));
 
-       /* move snapshots to this dir */
-       name = kmem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);
-       ds = origin_ds;
-       /* CONSTCOND */
-       while (TRUE) {
-               dsl_dataset_t *prev;
+       /* change origin's next snap */
+       dmu_buf_will_dirty(origin_ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
+       oldnext_obj = origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj;
+       snap = list_tail(&pa->clone_snaps);
+       ASSERT3U(snap->ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, ==, origin_ds->ds_object);
+       origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj = snap->ds->ds_object;
+
+       /* change the origin's next clone */
+       if (origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj) {
+               VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove_int(dp->dp_meta_objset,
+                   origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj,
+                   origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj, tx));
+               VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add_int(dp->dp_meta_objset,
+                   origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_next_clones_obj,
+                   oldnext_obj, tx));
+       }
+
+       /* change origin */
+       dmu_buf_will_dirty(dd->dd_dbuf, tx);
+       ASSERT3U(dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj, ==, origin_ds->ds_object);
+       dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj = odd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj;
+       hds->ds_origin_txg = origin_head->ds_origin_txg;
+       dmu_buf_will_dirty(odd->dd_dbuf, tx);
+       odd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj = origin_ds->ds_object;
+       origin_head->ds_origin_txg = origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_creation_txg;
 
+       /* move snapshots to this dir */
+       for (snap = list_head(&pa->shared_snaps); snap;
+           snap = list_next(&pa->shared_snaps, snap)) {
+               dsl_dataset_t *ds = snap->ds;
+
+               /* unregister props as dsl_dir is changing */
+               if (ds->ds_user_ptr) {
+                       ds->ds_user_evict_func(ds, ds->ds_user_ptr);
+                       ds->ds_user_ptr = NULL;
+               }
                /* move snap name entry */
-               dsl_dataset_name(ds, name);
-               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_snap_remove(dp->dp_meta_objset,
-                   pa->ds_flags, pa->snapnames_obj, ds->ds_snapname, tx));
+               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_get_snapname(ds));
+               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_snap_remove(origin_head,
+                   ds->ds_snapname, tx));
                VERIFY(0 == zap_add(dp->dp_meta_objset,
                    hds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj, ds->ds_snapname,
                    8, 1, &ds->ds_object, tx));
-
                /* change containing dsl_dir */
                dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
                ASSERT3U(ds->ds_phys->ds_dir_obj, ==, odd->dd_object);
@@ -2314,78 +2463,219 @@ dsl_dataset_promote_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                    NULL, ds, &ds->ds_dir));
 
                ASSERT3U(dsl_prop_numcb(ds), ==, 0);
-
-               if (ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj == 0)
-                       break;
-
-               VERIFY(0 == dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp,
-                   ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj, NULL, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
-                   FTAG, &prev));
-
-               if (prev->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj != ds->ds_object) {
-                       dsl_dataset_close(prev, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
-                       break;
-               }
-               if (ds != origin_ds)
-                       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
-               ds = prev;
        }
-       if (ds != origin_ds)
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
 
-       /* change origin's next snap */
-       dmu_buf_will_dirty(origin_ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
-       origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_next_snap_obj = pa->newnext_obj;
+       /*
+        * Change space accounting.
+        * Note, pa->*usedsnap and dd_used_breakdown[SNAP] will either
+        * both be valid, or both be 0 (resulting in delta == 0).  This
+        * is true for each of {clone,origin} independently.
+        */
 
-       /* change origin */
-       dmu_buf_will_dirty(dd->dd_dbuf, tx);
-       ASSERT3U(dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj, ==, origin_ds->ds_object);
-       dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj = odd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj;
-       dmu_buf_will_dirty(odd->dd_dbuf, tx);
-       odd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj = origin_ds->ds_object;
+       delta = pa->cloneusedsnap -
+           dd->dd_phys->dd_used_breakdown[DD_USED_SNAP];
+       ASSERT3S(delta, >=, 0);
+       ASSERT3U(pa->used, >=, delta);
+       dsl_dir_diduse_space(dd, DD_USED_SNAP, delta, 0, 0, tx);
+       dsl_dir_diduse_space(dd, DD_USED_HEAD,
+           pa->used - delta, pa->comp, pa->uncomp, tx);
+
+       delta = pa->originusedsnap -
+           odd->dd_phys->dd_used_breakdown[DD_USED_SNAP];
+       ASSERT3S(delta, <=, 0);
+       ASSERT3U(pa->used, >=, -delta);
+       dsl_dir_diduse_space(odd, DD_USED_SNAP, delta, 0, 0, tx);
+       dsl_dir_diduse_space(odd, DD_USED_HEAD,
+           -pa->used - delta, -pa->comp, -pa->uncomp, tx);
 
-       /* change space accounting */
-       dsl_dir_diduse_space(odd, -pa->used, -pa->comp, -pa->uncomp, tx);
-       dsl_dir_diduse_space(dd, pa->used, pa->comp, pa->uncomp, tx);
        origin_ds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes = pa->unique;
 
        /* log history record */
        spa_history_internal_log(LOG_DS_PROMOTE, dd->dd_pool->dp_spa, tx,
-           cr, "dataset = %llu", ds->ds_object);
+           cr, "dataset = %llu", hds->ds_object);
 
        dsl_dir_close(odd, FTAG);
-       dsl_dataset_close(origin_ds, DS_MODE_EXCLUSIVE, FTAG);
-       kmem_free(name, MAXPATHLEN);
 }
 
+static char *snaplist_tag = "snaplist";
+/*
+ * Make a list of dsl_dataset_t's for the snapshots between first_obj
+ * (exclusive) and last_obj (inclusive).  The list will be in reverse
+ * order (last_obj will be the list_head()).  If first_obj == 0, do all
+ * snapshots back to this dataset's origin.
+ */
+static int
+snaplist_make(dsl_pool_t *dp, boolean_t own,
+    uint64_t first_obj, uint64_t last_obj, list_t *l)
+{
+       uint64_t obj = last_obj;
+
+       ASSERT(RW_LOCK_HELD(&dp->dp_config_rwlock));
+
+       list_create(l, sizeof (struct promotenode),
+           offsetof(struct promotenode, link));
+
+       while (obj != first_obj) {
+               dsl_dataset_t *ds;
+               struct promotenode *snap;
+               int err;
+
+               if (own) {
+                       err = dsl_dataset_own_obj(dp, obj,
+                           0, snaplist_tag, &ds);
+                       if (err == 0)
+                               dsl_dataset_make_exclusive(ds, snaplist_tag);
+               } else {
+                       err = dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp, obj, snaplist_tag, &ds);
+               }
+               if (err == ENOENT) {
+                       /* lost race with snapshot destroy */
+                       struct promotenode *last = list_tail(l);
+                       ASSERT(obj != last->ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj);
+                       obj = last->ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj;
+                       continue;
+               } else if (err) {
+                       return (err);
+               }
+
+               if (first_obj == 0)
+                       first_obj = ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj;
+
+               snap = kmem_alloc(sizeof (struct promotenode), KM_SLEEP);
+               snap->ds = ds;
+               list_insert_tail(l, snap);
+               obj = ds->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_obj;
+       }
+
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+snaplist_space(list_t *l, uint64_t mintxg, uint64_t *spacep)
+{
+       struct promotenode *snap;
+
+       *spacep = 0;
+       for (snap = list_head(l); snap; snap = list_next(l, snap)) {
+               uint64_t used;
+               int err = bplist_space_birthrange(&snap->ds->ds_deadlist,
+                   mintxg, UINT64_MAX, &used);
+               if (err)
+                       return (err);
+               *spacep += used;
+       }
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+snaplist_destroy(list_t *l, boolean_t own)
+{
+       struct promotenode *snap;
+
+       if (!list_link_active(&l->list_head))
+               return;
+
+       while ((snap = list_tail(l)) != NULL) {
+               list_remove(l, snap);
+               if (own)
+                       dsl_dataset_disown(snap->ds, snaplist_tag);
+               else
+                       dsl_dataset_rele(snap->ds, snaplist_tag);
+               kmem_free(snap, sizeof (struct promotenode));
+       }
+       list_destroy(l);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Promote a clone.  Nomenclature note:
+ * "clone" or "cds": the original clone which is being promoted
+ * "origin" or "ods": the snapshot which is originally clone's origin
+ * "origin head" or "ohds": the dataset which is the head
+ * (filesystem/volume) for the origin
+ * "origin origin": the origin of the origin's filesystem (typically
+ * NULL, indicating that the clone is not a clone of a clone).
+ */
 int
 dsl_dataset_promote(const char *name)
 {
        dsl_dataset_t *ds;
-       int err;
+       dsl_dir_t *dd;
+       dsl_pool_t *dp;
        dmu_object_info_t doi;
-       struct promotearg pa;
+       struct promotearg pa = { 0 };
+       struct promotenode *snap;
+       int err;
 
-       err = dsl_dataset_open(name, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ds);
+       err = dsl_dataset_hold(name, FTAG, &ds);
        if (err)
                return (err);
+       dd = ds->ds_dir;
+       dp = dd->dd_pool;
 
-       err = dmu_object_info(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset,
+       err = dmu_object_info(dp->dp_meta_objset,
            ds->ds_phys->ds_snapnames_zapobj, &doi);
        if (err) {
-               dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
                return (err);
        }
 
+       if (dsl_dataset_is_snapshot(ds) || dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj == 0) {
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * We are going to inherit all the snapshots taken before our
+        * origin (i.e., our new origin will be our parent's origin).
+        * Take ownership of them so that we can rename them into our
+        * namespace.
+        */
+       rw_enter(&dp->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
+
+       err = snaplist_make(dp, B_TRUE, 0, dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj,
+           &pa.shared_snaps);
+       if (err != 0)
+               goto out;
+
+       err = snaplist_make(dp, B_FALSE, 0, ds->ds_object, &pa.clone_snaps);
+       if (err != 0)
+               goto out;
+
+       snap = list_head(&pa.shared_snaps);
+       ASSERT3U(snap->ds->ds_object, ==, dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj);
+       err = snaplist_make(dp, B_FALSE, dd->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj,
+           snap->ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj, &pa.origin_snaps);
+       if (err != 0)
+               goto out;
+
+       if (dsl_dir_is_clone(snap->ds->ds_dir)) {
+               err = dsl_dataset_own_obj(dp,
+                   snap->ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_origin_obj,
+                   0, FTAG, &pa.origin_origin);
+               if (err != 0)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+out:
+       rw_exit(&dp->dp_config_rwlock);
+
        /*
         * Add in 128x the snapnames zapobj size, since we will be moving
         * a bunch of snapnames to the promoted ds, and dirtying their
         * bonus buffers.
         */
-       err = dsl_sync_task_do(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool,
-           dsl_dataset_promote_check,
-           dsl_dataset_promote_sync, ds, &pa, 2 + 2 * doi.doi_physical_blks);
-       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
+       if (err == 0) {
+               err = dsl_sync_task_do(dp, dsl_dataset_promote_check,
+                   dsl_dataset_promote_sync, ds, &pa,
+                   2 + 2 * doi.doi_physical_blks);
+       }
+
+       snaplist_destroy(&pa.shared_snaps, B_TRUE);
+       snaplist_destroy(&pa.clone_snaps, B_FALSE);
+       snaplist_destroy(&pa.origin_snaps, B_FALSE);
+       if (pa.origin_origin)
+               dsl_dataset_disown(pa.origin_origin, FTAG);
+       dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
        return (err);
 }
 
@@ -2445,10 +2735,6 @@ dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 {
        struct cloneswaparg *csa = arg1;
        dsl_pool_t *dp = csa->cds->ds_dir->dd_pool;
-       uint64_t itor = 0;
-       blkptr_t bp;
-       uint64_t unique = 0;
-       int err;
 
        ASSERT(csa->cds->ds_reserved == 0);
        ASSERT(csa->cds->ds_quota == csa->ohds->ds_quota);
@@ -2468,16 +2754,10 @@ dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                csa->ohds->ds_user_ptr = NULL;
        }
 
-       /* compute unique space */
-       while ((err = bplist_iterate(&csa->cds->ds_deadlist,
-           &itor, &bp)) == 0) {
-               if (bp.blk_birth > csa->cds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg)
-                       unique += bp_get_dasize(dp->dp_spa, &bp);
-       }
-       VERIFY(err == ENOENT);
-
        /* reset origin's unique bytes */
-       csa->cds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes = unique;
+       VERIFY(0 == bplist_space_birthrange(&csa->cds->ds_deadlist,
+           csa->cds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_prev_snap_txg, UINT64_MAX,
+           &csa->cds->ds_prev->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes));
 
        /* swap blkptrs */
        {
@@ -2493,10 +2773,14 @@ dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                uint64_t cdl_used, cdl_comp, cdl_uncomp;
                uint64_t odl_used, odl_comp, odl_uncomp;
 
+               ASSERT3U(csa->cds->ds_dir->dd_phys->
+                   dd_used_breakdown[DD_USED_SNAP], ==, 0);
+
                VERIFY(0 == bplist_space(&csa->cds->ds_deadlist, &cdl_used,
                    &cdl_comp, &cdl_uncomp));
                VERIFY(0 == bplist_space(&csa->ohds->ds_deadlist, &odl_used,
                    &odl_comp, &odl_uncomp));
+
                dused = csa->cds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes + cdl_used -
                    (csa->ohds->ds_phys->ds_used_bytes + odl_used);
                dcomp = csa->cds->ds_phys->ds_compressed_bytes + cdl_comp -
@@ -2505,10 +2789,23 @@ dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
                    cdl_uncomp -
                    (csa->ohds->ds_phys->ds_uncompressed_bytes + odl_uncomp);
 
-               dsl_dir_diduse_space(csa->ohds->ds_dir,
+               dsl_dir_diduse_space(csa->ohds->ds_dir, DD_USED_HEAD,
                    dused, dcomp, duncomp, tx);
-               dsl_dir_diduse_space(csa->cds->ds_dir,
+               dsl_dir_diduse_space(csa->cds->ds_dir, DD_USED_HEAD,
                    -dused, -dcomp, -duncomp, tx);
+
+               /*
+                * The difference in the space used by snapshots is the
+                * difference in snapshot space due to the head's
+                * deadlist (since that's the only thing that's
+                * changing that affects the snapused).
+                */
+               VERIFY(0 == bplist_space_birthrange(&csa->cds->ds_deadlist,
+                   csa->ohds->ds_origin_txg, UINT64_MAX, &cdl_used));
+               VERIFY(0 == bplist_space_birthrange(&csa->ohds->ds_deadlist,
+                   csa->ohds->ds_origin_txg, UINT64_MAX, &odl_used));
+               dsl_dir_transfer_space(csa->ohds->ds_dir, cdl_used - odl_used,
+                   DD_USED_HEAD, DD_USED_SNAP, tx);
        }
 
 #define        SWITCH64(x, y) \
@@ -2529,8 +2826,8 @@ dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
            csa->cds->ds_phys->ds_unique_bytes);
 
        /* apply any parent delta for change in unconsumed refreservation */
-       dsl_dir_diduse_space(csa->ohds->ds_dir, csa->unused_refres_delta,
-           0, 0, tx);
+       dsl_dir_diduse_space(csa->ohds->ds_dir, DD_USED_REFRSRV,
+           csa->unused_refres_delta, 0, 0, tx);
 
        /* swap deadlists */
        bplist_close(&csa->cds->ds_deadlist);
@@ -2541,26 +2838,41 @@ dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
            csa->cds->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj));
        VERIFY(0 == bplist_open(&csa->ohds->ds_deadlist, dp->dp_meta_objset,
            csa->ohds->ds_phys->ds_deadlist_obj));
+
+       dsl_pool_ds_clone_swapped(csa->ohds, csa->cds, tx);
 }
 
 /*
- * Swap 'clone' with its origin head file system.
+ * Swap 'clone' with its origin head file system.  Used at the end
+ * of "online recv" to swizzle the file system to the new version.
  */
 int
 dsl_dataset_clone_swap(dsl_dataset_t *clone, dsl_dataset_t *origin_head,
     boolean_t force)
 {
        struct cloneswaparg csa;
+       int error;
 
-       ASSERT(clone->ds_open_refcount == DS_REF_MAX);
-       ASSERT(origin_head->ds_open_refcount == DS_REF_MAX);
-
+       ASSERT(clone->ds_owner);
+       ASSERT(origin_head->ds_owner);
+retry:
+       /* Need exclusive access for the swap */
+       rw_enter(&clone->ds_rwlock, RW_WRITER);
+       if (!rw_tryenter(&origin_head->ds_rwlock, RW_WRITER)) {
+               rw_exit(&clone->ds_rwlock);
+               rw_enter(&origin_head->ds_rwlock, RW_WRITER);
+               if (!rw_tryenter(&clone->ds_rwlock, RW_WRITER)) {
+                       rw_exit(&origin_head->ds_rwlock);
+                       goto retry;
+               }
+       }
        csa.cds = clone;
        csa.ohds = origin_head;
        csa.force = force;
-       return (dsl_sync_task_do(clone->ds_dir->dd_pool,
+       error = dsl_sync_task_do(clone->ds_dir->dd_pool,
            dsl_dataset_clone_swap_check,
-           dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync, &csa, NULL, 9));
+           dsl_dataset_clone_swap_sync, &csa, NULL, 9);
+       return (error);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2572,31 +2884,26 @@ dsl_dsobj_to_dsname(char *pname, uint64_t obj, char *buf)
 {
        spa_t *spa;
        dsl_pool_t *dp;
-       dsl_dataset_t *ds = NULL;
+       dsl_dataset_t *ds;
        int error;
 
        if ((error = spa_open(pname, &spa, FTAG)) != 0)
                return (error);
        dp = spa_get_dsl(spa);
        rw_enter(&dp->dp_config_rwlock, RW_READER);
-       if ((error = dsl_dataset_open_obj(dp, obj,
-           NULL, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG, &ds)) != 0) {
-               rw_exit(&dp->dp_config_rwlock);
-               spa_close(spa, FTAG);
-               return (error);
+       if ((error = dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp, obj, FTAG, &ds)) == 0) {
+               dsl_dataset_name(ds, buf);
+               dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
        }
-       dsl_dataset_name(ds, buf);
-       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_NONE, FTAG);
        rw_exit(&dp->dp_config_rwlock);
        spa_close(spa, FTAG);
 
-       return (0);
+       return (error);
 }
 
 int
 dsl_dataset_check_quota(dsl_dataset_t *ds, boolean_t check_quota,
-    uint64_t asize, uint64_t inflight, uint64_t *used,
-    uint64_t *ref_rsrv)
+    uint64_t asize, uint64_t inflight, uint64_t *used, uint64_t *ref_rsrv)
 {
        int error = 0;
 
@@ -2672,15 +2979,13 @@ dsl_dataset_set_quota_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
 
        dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
 
-       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
        ds->ds_quota = new_quota;
-       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
 
        dsl_prop_set_uint64_sync(ds->ds_dir, "refquota", new_quota, cr, tx);
 
        spa_history_internal_log(LOG_DS_REFQUOTA, ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_spa,
            tx, cr, "%lld dataset = %llu ",
-           (longlong_t)new_quota, ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj);
+           (longlong_t)new_quota, ds->ds_object);
 }
 
 int
@@ -2689,7 +2994,7 @@ dsl_dataset_set_quota(const char *dsname, uint64_t quota)
        dsl_dataset_t *ds;
        int err;
 
-       err = dsl_dataset_open(dsname, DS_MODE_STANDARD, FTAG, &ds);
+       err = dsl_dataset_hold(dsname, FTAG, &ds);
        if (err)
                return (err);
 
@@ -2704,7 +3009,7 @@ dsl_dataset_set_quota(const char *dsname, uint64_t quota)
                    dsl_dataset_set_quota_check, dsl_dataset_set_quota_sync,
                    ds, &quota, 0);
        }
-       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_STANDARD, FTAG);
+       dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
        return (err);
 }
 
@@ -2762,6 +3067,7 @@ dsl_dataset_set_reservation_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr,
 
        dmu_buf_will_dirty(ds->ds_dbuf, tx);
 
+       mutex_enter(&ds->ds_dir->dd_lock);
        mutex_enter(&ds->ds_lock);
        unique = dsl_dataset_unique(ds);
        delta = MAX(0, (int64_t)(new_reservation - unique)) -
@@ -2769,15 +3075,14 @@ dsl_dataset_set_reservation_sync(void *arg1, void *arg2, cred_t *cr,
        ds->ds_reserved = new_reservation;
        mutex_exit(&ds->ds_lock);
 
+       dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, DD_USED_REFRSRV, delta, 0, 0, tx);
+       mutex_exit(&ds->ds_dir->dd_lock);
        dsl_prop_set_uint64_sync(ds->ds_dir, "refreservation",
            new_reservation, cr, tx);
 
-       dsl_dir_diduse_space(ds->ds_dir, delta, 0, 0, tx);
-
        spa_history_internal_log(LOG_DS_REFRESERV,
            ds->ds_dir->dd_pool->dp_spa, tx, cr, "%lld dataset = %llu",
-           (longlong_t)new_reservation,
-           ds->ds_dir->dd_phys->dd_head_dataset_obj);
+           (longlong_t)new_reservation, ds->ds_object);
 }
 
 int
@@ -2786,13 +3091,13 @@ dsl_dataset_set_reservation(const char *dsname, uint64_t reservation)
        dsl_dataset_t *ds;
        int err;
 
-       err = dsl_dataset_open(dsname, DS_MODE_STANDARD, FTAG, &ds);
+       err = dsl_dataset_hold(dsname, FTAG, &ds);
        if (err)
                return (err);
 
        err = dsl_sync_task_do(ds->ds_dir->dd_pool,
            dsl_dataset_set_reservation_check,
            dsl_dataset_set_reservation_sync, ds, &reservation, 0);
-       dsl_dataset_close(ds, DS_MODE_STANDARD, FTAG);
+       dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
        return (err);
 }